5 i5 O. N {' J# C 6 y1 G8 ]$ j- L2 h) j9 H 基于一阶灵敏度分析法计算ATC速度快,满足在线应用的要求。不过,对于给定的系统运行状态和参数,需要预先计算较多的灵敏度系数TP,且当运行点发生较大变化后,这些灵敏度系数需要重新计算。在系统运行情况变化不大时,求得的ATC还是比较准确的,但当系统运行情况发生较大变化时,如支路或发电机停运,可能会存在较大误差。但总的说来,灵敏度分析法与前述某种方法,如OPF法,结合在一起使用是一种非常实用的综合在线计算方案。6 m! s; P) @0 n/ n1 c9 P
# N3 A/ x( Z" r ^ b.基于线性分布因子法的ATC计算速度快,可有效考虑输电设备过负荷约束和“N-1”静态安全约束。 + J) p p+ w8 z: z1 T( X2 m' R" Q+ O/ @! L
c.基于重复潮流和连续潮流的ATC计算可以方便考虑系统设备过负荷约束,能计及系统的电压和无功对ATC的影响。但计算结果偏保守,计算时间较长,考虑“N-1”静态安全约束时无法满足实际在线计算要求,可用于离线的ATC计算。9 f+ N, n8 {! _! r# O8 {
, R! l3 p7 e/ S# I d.基于最优潮流的ATC计算方法对约束条件有更强的处理能力,能够计及暂态稳定和动态稳定约束,可以实现更大范围内的发电和负荷分布优化,计算精度更高;但计算耗时更长,无法满足实际在线计算要求,是一种很好的ATC离线计算工具。6 {. Y" ~5 t5 ]2 j: m) k9 k" B
" q. m0 e! p3 z; P0 G e.基于灵敏度分析的ATC计算速度快,计算中无需任何迭代。与其它精度较高的ATC计算方法配合使用,能在系统状态发生变化时快速得到新的ATC,特别适合应用在系统运行状态变化不大时的ATC计算,但当系统参数变化较大时精度稍差。1 C d& X" C! W: c/ G8 r* r7 ~% m
, T" U' j4 Y3 | 我国电网已形成东北、华北、华中、西北、华东和南方六大区域电网。计算各大区域之间的ATC有很大的实际意义。在我国电力市场运行初期,大区间联网网架比较薄弱,建议先使用线性分布因子法实时计算ATC,并可采用重复潮流法或连续潮流法来离线效验。随着市场的成熟及基于最优潮流的ATC算法的发展和完善,再逐步过渡为用最优潮流加上灵敏度分析方法,将会提供实时准确的ATC。 ) ?8 v7 J) } c4 Y . v3 K! r& n1 Q- o1 k作者:! {4 ~4 N, d+ B6 u& I
刘皓明1,倪以信2,吴军基1,邹云1 ; |7 g+ r) O! i' ~( D6 k
(1.南京理工大学动力学院,江苏南京210094; # n; P* [0 z5 b5 F% \2.香港大学电机电子工程系香港) ) c$ H V) H: X ( [# ?9 e# N. e: Q( O( M9 D参考文献 4 ]; ~- d) Q1 B5 l" J( P5 m- S; U5 y
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