本人搜集到的部分继电保护术语的英文简介

liuqingrui

这是本人搜集到的部分继电保护术语的英文简介，供大家参考，如有了解的请进一步补充。
  \" K( C8 g$ \; c1 G8 U% H5 hALL-or-nothing relay
An electrical relay which is intended to be energized by a quantity whose value is either higher than that at which it picks up or lower than that at which it drops outs.
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$ |  w' v! M, v& ^( v4 hAuxiliary relay
) r1 S* a1 M; S8 _An all-or nothing relay energized via the contacts of another relay, for example a measuring relay, for the purpose of providing higher rated contacts or introducing a time relay.
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Back-up protection
A protective system intended to supplement the main protection in case the latter should be ineffective, or to deal with faults in those parts of the power system that are not readily included in the operating zones of the main protection.

% h9 k5 E3 g' G8 g+ o. @% [Biased relay
4 c* O/ N6 b! D0 i) M( kA relay in which the characteristics are modified by the introduction of some quantity other than the actuating quantity, and which is usually in opposition to the actuating quantity.

Burden
2 x6 K9 l7 H2 c1 {/ Y4 m9 ^The loading imposed by the circuits of the relay on the energizing power source or sources, expressed as the product of voltage and current (volt-amperes, or watts if d.c.) for a given condition. which may be either at 'setting' or at rated current or voltage.
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1 \4 z: J% E' V+ @4 JCharacteristic angle
The angle between the vectors representing two of the energizing quantities applied to a relay and used for the declaration of the performance of the relay.

5 o1 p' ]: J! k# g$ y2 g8 e) _Characteristic curve
The curve showing the operating value of the characteristic quantity corresponding to various values or combinations of the energizing quantities.
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Characteristic quantity
A quantity, the value of which characterizes the operation of the relay, for example, current for an overcurrent relay, voltage for a voltage relay, phase angle for a directional relay, time for an independent time delay relay, impedance for an impedance relay.
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: V% U4 o# b- z  T4 Q# @% gCharacteristlc impedance ratio (C.I.R.)
The maximum value of the System Impedance Ratio up to which the relay performance remains within the prescribed limits of accuracy.
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; I: |, H2 R( ^1 \" J9 _1 [% MCheck protective system
An auxiliary protective system intended to prevent tripping due to inadvertent operation of the main protective system.

! u4 c8 n$ B: p1 DConjunctive test
A test on a protective system including all relevant components and ancillary equipment appropriately interconnected. The test may be parametric or specific.
: }0 X, K( L% ya.    Parametric conjunctive test.
. v) d" R( G/ hA test to ascertain the range of values that may be assigned to each parameter when considered in combination with other parameters, while still complying with the relevant performance requirements.
b.    Specific conjunctive test.
A test to prove the performance for a particular application, for which definite values are assigned to each of the parameters.
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3 v' M, ^' R; ^: ^/ e5 a* RDependent time measuring relay
A measuring relay for which times depend, in a specified manner, on the value of the characteristic quantity.
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Discrimination
The ability of a protective system to distinguish between power system conditions for which it is intended to operate and those for which it is not intended to operate.

Drop-out
A relay drops out when it moves from the energized position to the un-energized position.

) N% S3 N" l4 x2 ]; P0 e; uDrop-out/pick-up ratio
; k; P/ X' T+ K8 p/ T5 C: lThe ratio of the limiting values of the characteristic quantity at which the relay resets and operates. This value is sometimes called the differential of the relay.

Earth fault protective system
, E7 u& R0 P4 `$ c7 oA protective system which is designed to respond only to faults to earth.
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Earthing transformer
% ~) t2 r7 Z- h( WA three-phase transformer intended essentially to provide a neutral point to a power system for the purpose of earthing.

6 l6 k0 N8 \) X8 F3 w/ m/ LEffective range
The range of values of the characteristic quantity or quantities, or of the energizing quantities to which the relay will respond and satisfy the requirements concerning it, in particular those concerning precision.

Effective setting
8 S: ^$ Z8 Z! S2 ?& V3 V' qThe 'setting' of a protective system including the effects of current transformers. The effective setting can be expressed in terms of primary current or secondary current from the current transformers and is so designated as appropriate.

( ^( x4 `2 Y( s  m: NElectrical relay
$ x- Y# \! y; d+ c5 hA device designed to produce sudden predetermined changes in one or more electrical circuits after the appearance of certain conditions in the electrical circuit or circuits controlling it.
NOTE: The term 'relay' includes all the ancillary equipment calibrated with the device.

Electromechanical relay
2 Z5 g; _/ K3 f/ u0 PAn electrical relay in which the designed response is developed by the relative movement of mechanical elements under the action of a current in the input circuit.

Energizing quantity
The electrical quantity, either current or voltage, which alone or in combination with other energizing quantities, must be applied to the relay to cause it to function.

Independent time measuring relay
2 z& P0 w, B! tA measuring relay, the specified time for which can be considered as being independent, within specified limits, of the value of the characteristic quantity.
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Instantaneous relay
A relay which operates and resets with no intentional time delay.
# h, y& w* x# Z& }7 i& KNOTE: All relays require some time to operate; it is possible, Within the above definition, to discuss the operating time characteristics of an instantaneous relay.
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5 S* P1 Y) K8 A0 c9 k2 i5 C0 c9 |$ kInverse time delay relay
A dependent time delay relay having an operating time which is an inverse function of the electrical characteristic quantity.

Inverse time relay with definite minimum time( I.D.m.T. )
An inverse time relay having an operating time that tends towards a minimum value with increasing values of the electrical characteristic quantity.


Knee-point e.m.f.
. y$ d6 T1 l; K- |That sinusoidal e.m.f. applied to the secondary terminals of a current transformer, which, when increased by 10% causes the exciting current to increase by 50%.

, X' \5 x2 c6 l6 D7 i  S4 |; rMain protection
6 g# h0 c4 d' X$ R* {- bThe protective system which is normally expected to operate in response to a fault in the protected zone.
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Measuring relay
An electrical relay intended to switch when its characteristic quantity, under specified conditions and with a specified accuracy attains its operating value.
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7 R% R; X* a$ `$ p) KNotching relay
A relay which switches in response to a specific number of applied impulses.

Operating time
  S) `. d2 Q# O( }& k9 cWith a relay de-energized and in its initial condition, the time which elapses between the application of a characteristic quantity and the instant when the relay operates.

1 |4 d+ A% t+ h) W, C' GOperating time characteristic
7 B4 R+ O" j$ g$ _The curve depicting the relationship between different values of the characteristic quantity applied to a relay and the corresponding values of operating time.

/ Y3 V( G7 L4 J3 a5 w9 v8 jOperating value
( C# H- q) ]9 ~6 Y; QThe limiting value of the characteristic quantity at which the relay actually operates.
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" [8 R- Z+ I& A( ^! R! e; C) jOvershoot time
The overshoot time is the difference between the operating time of the relay at a specified value of the input energizing quantity and the maximum duration of the value of input energizing quantity which, when suddenly reduced to a specific value below the operating level, is insufficient to cause operation.
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# D/ o' o. V3 y9 P& _2 jPick-up
A relay is said to 'pick-up' when it changes from the un- energized position to the energized position.

; c% @' A1 m2 I3 w0 p- P4 ~. I- kPilot channel
! k6 B( y: d0 d4 a8 yA means of interconnection between relaying points for the purpose of protection.

5 f0 I; u0 w4 K6 j7 A4 yProtected zone
0 o) }: v4 d3 M& D% b8 N- V) o5 y0 AThe portion of a power system protected by a given protective system or a part of that protective system.

Protective gear
The apparatus, including protective relays, transforms and ancillary equipment, for use in a protective system.

+ I3 u  k* d0 @0 ]9 N1 |Protective relay
# B+ s7 `$ t. [5 |9 D# oA relay designed to initiate disconnection of a part of an electrical installation or to operate a warning signal, in the case of a fault or other abnormal condition in the installation.
A protective relay may include more than one unit electrical relay and accessories.

+ c' Y; g* P% UProtective scheme
' g: y* q5 n! P4 D( ]0 FThe coordinated arrangements for the protection of one or more elements of a power system.
+ D; f' z1 b+ |" N7 g/ j. UA protective scheme may comprise several protective systems.
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Protective system
A combination of protective gear designed to secure, under predetermined conditions, usually abnormal, the disconnection of an element of a power system, or to give an alarm signal, or both.

Rating
% g% F+ ~$ A# V9 c' d& a9 hThe nominal value of an energizing quantity which appears in the designation of a relay. The nominal value usually corresponds to the CT and VT secondary ratings.
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& d5 z/ U# N8 }Resetting value
! r1 D, w9 h" ?3 u/ G& bThe limiting value of the characteristic quantity at which the relay returns to its initial position.

Residual current
) R+ [) u7 C5 `7 nThe algebraic sum, in a multi-phase system, of all the line currents.

Residual voltage
  l3 d: A# g( M# Z6 b1 KThe algebraic sum, in a multi-phase system, of all the line-to-earth voltages.

Setting
: x9 ^" a& T9 q0 hThe limiting value of a 'characteristic' or 'energizing' quantity at which the relay is designed to operate under specified conditions.
Such values are usually marked on the relay and may be expressed as direct values, percentages of rated values, or multiples.
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Stability
The quality whereby a protective system remains inoperative under all conditions other than those for which it is specifically designed to operate.

! |+ \! N9 V4 Z! l, W2 eStability limits
! y5 |/ A- S) NThe r.m.s. value of the symmetrical component of the through fault current up to which the protective system remains stable.
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Static relay
( Y* M1 |- H# f" _# HAn electrical relay in which the designed response is developed by electronic, magnetic, optical or other components without mechanical motion.
1 u. V& P% V3 a9 s) _: C" pIt should be noted though that few static relays have a fully static output stage, to trip directly from thyristors for example. By far the majority of static relays have attracted armature output elements to provide metal-to-metal contacts, which remain the preferred output medium in general.

System impedance ratio (S.I.R.)
- S( S- H5 E* W+ K  @1 k: MThe ratio of the power system source impedance to the impedance of the protected zone.

! x/ Q) ~. _9 D# f- q. `  mThrough fault current
The current flowing through a protected zone to a fault beyond that zone.

Time delay
A delay intentionally introduced into the operation of a relay system.

Time delay relay
A relay having an intentional delaying device.

$ l1 d, R8 E8 s- _1 ^; J4 TUnit electrical relay
A single relay which can be used alone or in combinations with others.
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Unit protection
# z, r$ v; N) k  y; e8 l& |% dA protection system which is designed to operate only for abnormal conditions within a clearly defined zone of the power system.
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Unrestricted protection
8 _. a. ~$ ~. u; f: l& z0 aA protection system which has no clearly defined zone of operation and which achieves selective operation only by time grading.

The above is a summary of principal relay terms and definitions in current British and international practice. It is not complete。-%-67962-%-

huangccz

有些看不懂哦，有没有专业一点的翻译？

liuqingrui

好建议，准备一下发过来。

renben2

支持一下，谢谢诶

QIAOXUANMIN

很好，相当好

liuqingrui

请大家共同努力尝试着翻译出来

liaofutai

看看。谢谢啊

fulepingyi

好东西，谢谢分享

kingxu

很多看不懂，论坛里的外语牛人快快现身吧

liuqingrui

大家共同参与来试着翻译一下如何？