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发表于 2012-6-2 10:09:14
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On-Line Tap Changer8 ~; m7 |. Z0 S* H/ c) y% k
All transformer components are equipped with an on-line tap changer. When the tap changer is enabled, a diagonal line will appear on the component graphic, labelled Tap. ( o; ^0 r, e/ y3 x2 Q# o
A change in tap setting is modeled as a change in the turns-ratio of the transformer. The per-unit leakage reactance and magnetizing currents, specified for 100% tap, are used to calculate admittances for the new voltage rating, corresponding to the tap setting. 1 ~& r5 c$ D! P1 f9 T4 _
EXAMPLE:* I2 A; _$ q8 ]. A+ t4 @# s
Let us assume for simplicity, that a transformer is configured as Y-Y, with winding voltages rated at 10 kV primary and 100 kV secondary, and a tap changer is placed on the primary winding. The turns-ratio for this transformer is of course 1:10.
% w: _4 ~# e: e; w$ D: YAn on-line tap input of 1.0 corresponds to a 100% tap (i.e. no tap adjustment). If the tap input value is adjusted to say 1.05, then the turns-ratio would become 1.05:10 or 1:9.52381.& Z; R, F; G6 O) S6 m; ^$ x: y
It is possible to have a continuous change of tap, but this would require a re-ordering of the network solution every time step. It is more practical to change tap settings in steps, either through manual adjustment, using a slider or rotary switch, or from a controller with appropriate delays and steps built in. |
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