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发表于 2012-6-2 10:09:14
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On-Line Tap Changer
1 d' w9 c. }; |6 I3 _- hAll transformer components are equipped with an on-line tap changer. When the tap changer is enabled, a diagonal line will appear on the component graphic, labelled Tap.
1 \* z( S: C4 f! { B0 WA change in tap setting is modeled as a change in the turns-ratio of the transformer. The per-unit leakage reactance and magnetizing currents, specified for 100% tap, are used to calculate admittances for the new voltage rating, corresponding to the tap setting. $ |# t1 [5 l6 [) Q% B% Z' O( R( y
EXAMPLE:
* m2 l1 n5 f9 G/ `6 TLet us assume for simplicity, that a transformer is configured as Y-Y, with winding voltages rated at 10 kV primary and 100 kV secondary, and a tap changer is placed on the primary winding. The turns-ratio for this transformer is of course 1:10.
3 g" p& k1 p$ r2 C# ?; }; vAn on-line tap input of 1.0 corresponds to a 100% tap (i.e. no tap adjustment). If the tap input value is adjusted to say 1.05, then the turns-ratio would become 1.05:10 or 1:9.52381.
, g- x0 O7 i0 d- a! }It is possible to have a continuous change of tap, but this would require a re-ordering of the network solution every time step. It is more practical to change tap settings in steps, either through manual adjustment, using a slider or rotary switch, or from a controller with appropriate delays and steps built in. |
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