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发表于 2012-6-2 10:09:14
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On-Line Tap Changer
7 s4 U) K7 p' t& h) WAll transformer components are equipped with an on-line tap changer. When the tap changer is enabled, a diagonal line will appear on the component graphic, labelled Tap.
9 n; b7 d' u7 ]4 q8 u- @% @* PA change in tap setting is modeled as a change in the turns-ratio of the transformer. The per-unit leakage reactance and magnetizing currents, specified for 100% tap, are used to calculate admittances for the new voltage rating, corresponding to the tap setting. : F# T5 r" _6 K
EXAMPLE:) o: P @) Y3 r2 c$ E5 I
Let us assume for simplicity, that a transformer is configured as Y-Y, with winding voltages rated at 10 kV primary and 100 kV secondary, and a tap changer is placed on the primary winding. The turns-ratio for this transformer is of course 1:10. 7 @: L9 e. t; t( V) ~) g
An on-line tap input of 1.0 corresponds to a 100% tap (i.e. no tap adjustment). If the tap input value is adjusted to say 1.05, then the turns-ratio would become 1.05:10 or 1:9.52381.
) s% f+ s" u- v$ l, @3 jIt is possible to have a continuous change of tap, but this would require a re-ordering of the network solution every time step. It is more practical to change tap settings in steps, either through manual adjustment, using a slider or rotary switch, or from a controller with appropriate delays and steps built in. |
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