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论文文献
标题: |
WIND TURBINE APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL PAPER |
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风电 |
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WIND TURBINE APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL PAPER |
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Wind_turbine_PSCADV42.rar
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( e5 W3 d5 u: ~) b- n) wPART A: INTRODUCTION 1
7 m+ i6 g% h7 n! p$ ~8 u' k1. Introduction..................................................................................................................3
) G# |2 a. l) \) i2. pscad components....................................................................................................5
: W, z) C& n- a2 v" [3. Modelled structure .......................................................................................................7 3 _2 f4 k- j) I" g, E. B' V; r
4. Simulations performed.................................................................................................9 % @- q3 V7 [6 F7 w: i0 X, H& c9 O
PART B: BUILD THE MODEL 11 0 e( u" a, U: v# F9 }0 F
5. From the wind to the Synchronous Generator ...........................................................13 1 x9 N) h/ u2 Q, x" _. o
5.1 The Wind Source.........................................................................................................14
6 V# p9 K# I) }- k% [) U& E5.2 The wind turbine component .......................................................................................15 8 t. e$ J9 x6 l Q Q% ~% y
5.2.1 Theoretical study ...................................................................................................15 6 }$ T, e) U* G
5.2.2 Cp curve with PSCAD standard model .................................................................16 % |; Z8 B4 j% k+ q
5.2.3 Computation of parameters...................................................................................17
9 r4 s5 N7 x, `( y5.2.4 Define the Wind turbine parameters .....................................................................18
) m Z+ |5 Z( Y( t5.3 Wind turbine governor component ..............................................................................19
0 `' e1 H8 l* {4 u- `5.3.1 Theoretical study ...................................................................................................19 6 T. }# E2 n8 M+ o
5.3.2 Define the Wind governor parameters ..................................................................20
( d& u* W. k, B5.4 The synchronous generator.........................................................................................21 " y+ k1 Y* z7 M4 @1 N
5.5 Turbine generator connection: Simulation at rated load..............................................24
; y, k3 ^% c9 e/ G) t2 F3 A; ]( uSimulation parameters & analysis : ......................................................................................24 ! s% Y* t) W7 m! h
6. AC/DC/AC : Power and Frequency conversion .........................................................27 ) c) S6 ^8 b% m% z
6.1 Diode Rectifier .............................................................................................................28 ( R/ N. K. M4 c9 C
6.2 Overvoltage protection ................................................................................................30 1 A5 j \( g, c) r1 X$ l3 r
6.3 DC bus.........................................................................................................................31 7 g3 k5 F3 Y5 T2 d6 O5 s* F5 I
6.3.1 Build the DC bus....................................................................................................31 : m" D4 W' J% j5 ]" g
6.3.2 Model validation.....................................................................................................32 , i! D% D& [1 _, Y; w0 m1 _0 G
6.4 6-Pulse Thyristor inverter ............................................................................................34
% H* y, F' e6 v" B+ ?- C6.4.1 Presentation.......................................................................................................... 34 7 z9 c+ g8 v6 }- m" J( I& N! ~
6.4.2 Voltage collapse limitation .................................................................................... 36
2 g* s6 o' f$ g, d$ J6.4.3 Voltage regulation................................................................................................. 37 2 Q) r R, k8 S& v
6.5 Connection to the network ..........................................................................................40 5 J+ J% C9 Z9 N3 Y3 b
7. The distribution grid ...................................................................................................43
& T8 m/ V. a) w; N2 g/ W& G5 |& x7.1.1 Definition of the grid.............................................................................................. 43 " J9 \* X& U. ]. Q* j! f
7.1.2 Load Flow Simulation ........................................................................................... 47
, p$ O e5 u" T9 @+ t5 IPART C: SIMULATE 49 f3 q, f; n2 J( m" S
8. Constant Wind Study .................................................................................................51 # \5 ]( e* A s1 {4 k
8.1 Structure the complete model .....................................................................................51
, k9 q( D, V5 G! s7 e( s H8 Y8.2 Constant wind study....................................................................................................53 * r ^0 @6 I/ I+ @4 Q
9. Fault Analysis.............................................................................................................55
5 J5 S' [6 M. T# D9.1 Default at Node 3 ........................................................................................................56
1 K( _4 W( I0 O2 y6 T+ `9.1.1 Without DG........................................................................................................... 56
M+ y3 {9 ]2 d6 t9.1.2 With DG connected at node 1 .............................................................................. 57
: I4 C4 }* Y# ^/ Y# N9.2 Default at Node 2 ........................................................................................................59 ! L- T. g) f& S% f
9.2.1 Without DG........................................................................................................... 59
1 J) r* W6 O- _8 j. Q ^9.2.2 With DG connected at node 3 .............................................................................. 59 ( i) a) Q' I3 M* [8 n
9.3 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................61
7 z8 Y0 A" T. L- Y6 m) D. C" h10. Variable wind study....................................................................................................63
; G5 z: `, {+ o8 @9 o4 `10.1 Dynamic pitch control ..................................................................................................63 : a2 @- C" u% E+ v8 ], z, F
10.2 Passive pitch control simulation ..................................................................................67
1 P/ m) n/ L7 R' D( T$ ~10.3 Comparison of passive and dynamic pitch control ......................................................69
* a) K; r; r2 X+ w11. Wind farm...................................................................................................................71 " p2 e" {- _% C! G" I, b, g
11.1 From a single wind turbine to a wind farm ..................................................................72 3 I) B* m3 S( H! g( S+ S C& ~" u
11.1.1 Change the structure of the model ....................................................................... 72 + n& l/ y! C r& C2 H1 c! z
11.1.2 Modifications in the synchronous generator......................................................... 73 0 E& S: a% ]( \! k
11.1.3 Modifications in the transformer ........................................................................... 74 - X- i' L% k M& Q1 S+ K( P
11.1.4 Modifications in the grid........................................................................................ 74
" E8 Z+ K. q1 p# Z% P5 X: x$ S11.2 PWM Regulation drives...............................................................................................75 9 ]8 s3 H/ E" e$ \' S( Q
11.2.1 Principles .............................................................................................................. 75
$ I0 w7 M$ D# }9 w11.2.2 Generation of the triangular waveform................................................................. 75 8 p- }& F% n1 Q! M
11.2.3 Generation of the reference.................................................................................. 79 $ R, Z, T& ^0 c" q: L% a: I
11.2.4 Generation of the firing pulses for the GTO inverter ............................................ 83
9 Y5 k1 f% a( n! l- O3 S11.3 Simulation 85) d W+ o1 m: b
PART D: APPENDIX 87 1 v$ A$ ]0 n9 Q
12. References.................................................................................................................89 |
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