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论文文献
| 标题: |
WIND TURBINE APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL PAPER |
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| 所属专业方向: |
风电 |
| 摘要: |
WIND TURBINE APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL PAPER |
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Wind_turbine_PSCADV42.rar
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' X4 p! n; ^: q8 _PART A: INTRODUCTION 1 0 v9 k* N- }, @3 i# k, h$ T+ ?
1. Introduction..................................................................................................................3
6 z) T9 W: d+ k' \. Y2. pscad components....................................................................................................5 $ @8 V$ T# f' p {, x$ u% U+ Z) T4 R
3. Modelled structure .......................................................................................................7 / h" o5 L. E' A) i8 c
4. Simulations performed.................................................................................................9 # r- e5 p+ Q; R w0 I+ F2 B
PART B: BUILD THE MODEL 11
& e9 t2 Y, ]4 }# l4 a4 K1 _5. From the wind to the Synchronous Generator ...........................................................13 3 H X) O7 ~: a/ L/ M$ r9 k) b$ h
5.1 The Wind Source.........................................................................................................14 5 c' U& A: S5 x' e
5.2 The wind turbine component .......................................................................................15 ( M& R2 Z6 s8 `) R
5.2.1 Theoretical study ...................................................................................................15
7 t3 N7 ?# x# N+ F8 S) ]& y, Z# H, U5.2.2 Cp curve with PSCAD standard model .................................................................16 6 E$ y0 O) N, O. y+ W6 b9 _
5.2.3 Computation of parameters...................................................................................17
2 R# ^+ R( a4 J/ p6 ?6 Q5.2.4 Define the Wind turbine parameters .....................................................................18
( i' d" p3 J$ K5.3 Wind turbine governor component ..............................................................................19 ( ]% U! \* @1 P' S+ k/ _" m
5.3.1 Theoretical study ...................................................................................................19
2 K: L9 i- v/ d5 `0 N5.3.2 Define the Wind governor parameters ..................................................................20 $ s x/ u* X" g) O: G# }2 p, _
5.4 The synchronous generator.........................................................................................21 * a' k* [) b) D' t% }1 k+ O- D; u; v
5.5 Turbine generator connection: Simulation at rated load..............................................24
- N% J/ ^( w" e. I2 g/ y8 h/ {8 `Simulation parameters & analysis : ......................................................................................24
( t: \- i+ h/ }2 l6 r6. AC/DC/AC : Power and Frequency conversion .........................................................27
1 ]9 J3 ]; h3 p) ~7 a3 q6.1 Diode Rectifier .............................................................................................................28
# G% a% t- h: h; L7 r% o6.2 Overvoltage protection ................................................................................................30
& `7 N9 ^( M. R( p6.3 DC bus.........................................................................................................................31 7 y* W" z2 b" R2 {
6.3.1 Build the DC bus....................................................................................................31
1 }3 u4 H) A8 n: Z3 _9 t6.3.2 Model validation.....................................................................................................32
8 v' A4 j6 {3 y6.4 6-Pulse Thyristor inverter ............................................................................................34
- y' b" H4 k- Z# K- h6 B2 L6.4.1 Presentation.......................................................................................................... 34
' o8 U) V) v; D% }6.4.2 Voltage collapse limitation .................................................................................... 36 % F8 y4 ^& T4 S' H Y& h! V/ M5 _# t
6.4.3 Voltage regulation................................................................................................. 37
% p; A4 q& l4 c+ \+ J' P6.5 Connection to the network ..........................................................................................40 , {3 ]6 r" F+ f7 ^
7. The distribution grid ...................................................................................................43
" r0 R; k- E- I7.1.1 Definition of the grid.............................................................................................. 43
. W! K$ a' a+ x% u. k7.1.2 Load Flow Simulation ........................................................................................... 47
* e# R: `( [/ b# ]0 sPART C: SIMULATE 49 * R% W) R, ?$ {6 Y
8. Constant Wind Study .................................................................................................51 % n! B3 ^" J/ K! l+ k
8.1 Structure the complete model .....................................................................................51 ) ?& A, Z- z1 d9 X
8.2 Constant wind study....................................................................................................53
+ m. z/ h# r y/ c! d9. Fault Analysis.............................................................................................................55 1 `5 h: P1 C8 P( S8 ~# w; J, [
9.1 Default at Node 3 ........................................................................................................56
- ?' A& |2 y }! i9.1.1 Without DG........................................................................................................... 56 0 N, ~' I ]+ r$ _' L: w) P! H
9.1.2 With DG connected at node 1 .............................................................................. 57 7 [* B# E7 X4 C" ~3 E- ]- [6 {/ {6 w
9.2 Default at Node 2 ........................................................................................................59
; v o$ L; K# w' c$ {/ n6 z, t9.2.1 Without DG........................................................................................................... 59 $ W$ M4 p1 v/ ?" z& ^6 Z+ @* S
9.2.2 With DG connected at node 3 .............................................................................. 59
. F! a$ _2 q) l5 Q$ ]3 k9 j9.3 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................61 2 S( {8 ]4 i4 u) ?% d4 G. b
10. Variable wind study....................................................................................................63 9 [ U, Q+ f: K; z* L
10.1 Dynamic pitch control ..................................................................................................63
- l4 O; j" h$ \4 u$ M7 h10.2 Passive pitch control simulation ..................................................................................67 . j$ T* b2 D+ G; h
10.3 Comparison of passive and dynamic pitch control ......................................................69
- E5 M; W! B: n: C% z4 y8 n( W3 `11. Wind farm...................................................................................................................71 * F2 b G# o3 e( S) ^
11.1 From a single wind turbine to a wind farm ..................................................................72
^% c& b% X1 T; N% ]% l11.1.1 Change the structure of the model ....................................................................... 72
7 q: y0 T. i4 q: K# K11.1.2 Modifications in the synchronous generator......................................................... 73 - w9 ^; C1 C9 F# B, ?% d
11.1.3 Modifications in the transformer ........................................................................... 74
& z% N7 T; r+ ]# V4 F' Z8 k* N; V$ o11.1.4 Modifications in the grid........................................................................................ 74 3 m5 U/ x0 J V5 d3 ^3 j; A
11.2 PWM Regulation drives...............................................................................................75
( v! Q1 _; y$ |& ?- g* t( B11.2.1 Principles .............................................................................................................. 75 2 v3 A+ s. c' c: R' a- V
11.2.2 Generation of the triangular waveform................................................................. 75
" Y' {5 f, F( S5 {11.2.3 Generation of the reference.................................................................................. 79 $ z4 G4 N. p/ K1 n1 i2 i5 r8 M) _
11.2.4 Generation of the firing pulses for the GTO inverter ............................................ 83 6 R1 d! [9 C) o% L$ X) [
11.3 Simulation 85* Z `- A1 D' w# i' i3 s) \: F
PART D: APPENDIX 87
8 G% W1 C% i' U9 U% @" c12. References.................................................................................................................89 |
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