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论文文献
| 标题: |
WIND TURBINE APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL PAPER |
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| 所属专业方向: |
风电 |
| 摘要: |
WIND TURBINE APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL PAPER |
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Wind_turbine_PSCADV42.rar
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PART A: INTRODUCTION 1 ! i9 P$ t% Z% W/ F, s( j) j
1. Introduction..................................................................................................................3 " v5 ]" `# x0 T' g* K5 k* L+ U7 z
2. PSCAD components....................................................................................................5
. ~0 k9 W3 D# i3. Modelled structure .......................................................................................................7
`) N! P6 E% Y7 Z! K4. Simulations performed.................................................................................................9 % I: \9 Z- r; J/ n3 M
PART B: BUILD THE MODEL 11
+ ?. F5 [6 e9 ]3 z1 r9 s1 Y. H5. From the wind to the Synchronous Generator ...........................................................13 & ~5 U1 j# u" q% N
5.1 The Wind Source.........................................................................................................14 ) X C7 s2 Y$ l; b3 s$ @
5.2 The wind turbine component .......................................................................................15
7 U3 d" c/ l) p* S5.2.1 Theoretical study ...................................................................................................15
" w y0 T. G, V8 `. `6 C# d5.2.2 Cp curve with PSCAD standard model .................................................................16
% b. ~- I* }& A: `- O B5.2.3 Computation of parameters...................................................................................17
8 o. n( W2 J/ G# U3 G$ D4 T6 X5.2.4 Define the Wind turbine parameters .....................................................................18
, N6 L6 D" P" ]( O5.3 Wind turbine governor component ..............................................................................19
( |% ]7 {, L. ]5.3.1 Theoretical study ...................................................................................................19 ) C. P, b& A1 \
5.3.2 Define the Wind governor parameters ..................................................................20
Y5 e. O: p- ?; L$ E! u; U5.4 The synchronous generator.........................................................................................21
) Y4 {2 T- \1 J. ~0 ~+ H5.5 Turbine generator connection: Simulation at rated load..............................................24 # w* g* s6 U; Q
Simulation parameters & analysis : ......................................................................................24 2 ~( T B1 n% Z) U4 o( u
6. AC/DC/AC : Power and Frequency conversion .........................................................27
) {$ D I: ~+ u( b% k, t6.1 Diode Rectifier .............................................................................................................28 % a% e" Q2 A( P3 |7 v/ s j) M
6.2 Overvoltage protection ................................................................................................30 2 H9 f5 S* u/ F4 S
6.3 DC bus.........................................................................................................................31 9 R9 U5 B* z/ x# A; M
6.3.1 Build the DC bus....................................................................................................31 $ u3 B& f' L2 Z( W
6.3.2 Model validation.....................................................................................................32 9 o* d/ c% Q1 m9 `: ^
6.4 6-Pulse Thyristor inverter ............................................................................................34 + y% E" @, c: e2 @& k: ]# k
6.4.1 Presentation.......................................................................................................... 34
- _" r& \ L. e1 z, a3 e6.4.2 Voltage collapse limitation .................................................................................... 36
) ^0 A& P2 I% g Z6.4.3 Voltage regulation................................................................................................. 37
% z: R1 `) S; @6.5 Connection to the network ..........................................................................................40 2 e# \' W& j% u6 @* T
7. The distribution grid ...................................................................................................43
3 i# ]8 r+ Y: Z0 ~4 ?& }& R7.1.1 Definition of the grid.............................................................................................. 43 E* k, p" X$ ~& ]2 a* i
7.1.2 Load Flow Simulation ........................................................................................... 47
, y! F# ]) y9 S3 W9 WPART C: SIMULATE 49
: U$ r* m, w! y7 F. o' w1 [7 T {% D8. Constant Wind Study .................................................................................................51
5 L u7 M) G7 }$ W8 M b8.1 Structure the complete model .....................................................................................51
/ E j+ ]) l' N3 I& m8.2 Constant wind study....................................................................................................53
4 W$ j- W6 u* D4 C# p; S8 e) n9. Fault Analysis.............................................................................................................55
2 @3 Z: F" a M4 v7 O9.1 Default at Node 3 ........................................................................................................56 * N6 R4 h" U" E: p x( e
9.1.1 Without DG........................................................................................................... 56
: Z- b; `! U0 a' \; d1 Z8 L9.1.2 With DG connected at node 1 .............................................................................. 57 $ k9 m! e% E1 _1 f2 q/ y
9.2 Default at Node 2 ........................................................................................................59
: f; U% o/ s! b$ h9.2.1 Without DG........................................................................................................... 59
1 s2 q7 `# Y0 V5 a' G: x9.2.2 With DG connected at node 3 .............................................................................. 59
0 }# r: J6 \& w) Z2 Y, l. O9.3 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................61 2 v$ P6 m0 Z6 I# y" d! L& |8 h, y
10. Variable wind study....................................................................................................63 * T2 M* o8 t M6 k6 V7 O% B2 b
10.1 Dynamic pitch control ..................................................................................................63 8 h$ q" U5 C+ \: c- W6 w& Z+ T
10.2 Passive pitch control simulation ..................................................................................67 3 I' I* a& ^( y5 ~5 ^. V
10.3 Comparison of passive and dynamic pitch control ......................................................69
8 j; L2 Q% {. h& }7 s J) g: g11. Wind farm...................................................................................................................71 o W" y# o. a+ |/ ]
11.1 From a single wind turbine to a wind farm ..................................................................72 7 k& H0 z! _8 k7 |6 s
11.1.1 Change the structure of the model ....................................................................... 72 : |) V8 z* d5 S0 v
11.1.2 Modifications in the synchronous generator......................................................... 73
, x7 W/ s2 T$ j$ ^. p11.1.3 Modifications in the transformer ........................................................................... 74
5 H% ~8 @- E4 r" y11.1.4 Modifications in the grid........................................................................................ 74
) `# [& X f3 H2 c+ p, l% b11.2 PWM Regulation drives...............................................................................................75
# ]8 C$ T7 z, n7 a11.2.1 Principles .............................................................................................................. 75
% B* k1 p; @* y5 E& s8 }( r11.2.2 Generation of the triangular waveform................................................................. 75 , I& o9 ^& w. W h7 _ V) w( d
11.2.3 Generation of the reference.................................................................................. 79
1 Z* c( t% B5 g7 E11.2.4 Generation of the firing pulses for the GTO inverter ............................................ 83
' T+ T9 t% z2 X# k4 x$ s11.3 Simulation 85& P s- z$ k: Y, n% K
PART D: APPENDIX 87
7 y" H, C% }' R12. References.................................................................................................................89 |
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