The book is aimed mainly at students, engineers, researchers and others with technical interests wanting to obtain a basic knowledge of renewable energy production. It describes the most important technical systems for using renewable energy sources, and introduces important calculation and simulation methods for these. The main focus is on technologies with high development potentials such as solar thermal systems, photovoltaics and wind power.
书籍目录$ `) `" @5 E! A. W/ h$ ?; x' [4 ?
Contents/ @' g; V+ G* W
List of Figures and Tables vii ! K# B4 s4 b4 r6 f: QList of Acronyms and Abbreviations xvi* E: L7 k7 |& D/ m% ~* ^2 ?" @$ U
Preface xviii # W2 M j8 ?! O z" x: l! d. ?1 Energy, Climate Change and Renewable Energy Sources 1 - }& v6 _6 U8 A3 g k( j6 L xThe Expression ‘Energy’ 1' ?" P! C' Z) q( M) ?- {" q" k- m
Evolution of World Energy Demand 6' a4 Y3 D) F \
Reserves of Fossil Energy Sources 8# M6 ~ f0 y+ `- R+ K
Greenhouse Effect 10, g6 V/ {- V4 r5 Z u6 U0 ]+ S
Nuclear Power versus the Greenhouse Effect 16# g+ a. z! L0 X3 X/ |' p2 @: W' p
Renewable Energies 192 X- {5 O) h; e3 V) F. d
Global Use of Renewable Energy Sources 35 - L G4 \* {$ M) g7 H; FFuture Energy Demand and Climatic Protection 39 0 ^, x b U1 |; X5 a2 Solar Radiation 44 # c6 j7 p# Q# I* e, j" K$ C( NIntroduction 44% F. Q9 J' V- K0 E. v% ^
The Sun as a Fusion Reactor 44; z8 x; K- f1 c8 G1 C6 b
Solar Irradiance on the Surface of the Earth 48$ t) b& U' U7 w+ e8 h9 L
Irradiance on a Horizontal Plane 52 - h |* O$ S+ M2 c1 V, ?" J, wCalculation of the Sun’s Position 55, W0 J) f- x" E, E c
Calculation of the Solar Angle of Incidence 59 : `8 a. X8 Z9 e& d. q: G' |0 t* q, \! ZIrradiance on Tilted Surfaces 60 u4 S! n. m4 {
Calculation of Shading Losses 66 , q, f Z% Y* A3 @3 x* @; a3 Solar Thermal Water Heating 77 & U* t* L! R+ M& |! r! |2 z0 LIntroduction 77 8 N1 [' W8 P) @; GSolar Thermal Systems for Water Heating 79- _5 p; [* o. Z# H. L
Solar Collectors 85 . e: h+ Z# v2 a1 }Pipes 97, ^, L0 e; {0 Z; z) P8 ~: C/ U
Thermal Storage 102 : j, s' @6 x# J- S9 q' j' DHeat Demand and Solar Fraction 111 e9 I) Z% g5 B1 D7 R- \' ?
4 Photovoltaics 1159 t, M! ^% c" p R E. p0 Q
Introduction 115 2 o ?+ T) W& `7 K6 dOperation of Solar Cells 116* ?, G z7 ?1 t, K
Production of Solar Cells and Solar Modules 1275 m/ C) \( y7 K5 a. r- L" Z, K
Electrical Description of Solar Cells 130 / \6 w9 b: l9 g$ iElectrical Description of Photovoltaic Modules 1416 p7 G' c( I3 f2 h1 I7 p
Solar Generator with Load 1480 K+ T5 U% o0 p( Z
Electricity Storage 157$ j! t% q* _* d; W3 O: R+ e+ m0 F' d
Inverters 172$ q. D) x2 V2 E' R, @
5 Wind Power 181 & J( r7 B9 }+ h. eIntroduction 181 # O4 l# t. h7 c5 N& g/ ]The Wind 182) f$ y* a; `, L" d% x7 B- Y
Utilization of Wind Energy 188 ; Q$ B- D* |6 {; s+ b9 F5 ]Wind Turbine Design 1961 }# `! t% W+ e3 M5 h% f% a
Electrical Machines 204 ( D1 K; u/ \- b, e8 h5 {# G: E7 tElectrical System Concepts 225 / D8 E f( q M3 YMains Operation 232 ( L: {8 d" B1 M r& d- ^0 b1 j% F6 Economics 235- E* E [6 h( Q0 u( N) v
Introduction 235+ |0 \# @5 G8 n) O4 E
Classical Economic Calculations 2366 ~; L: H6 j5 R$ y8 {4 C
External Costs 248 0 W1 D# p5 a, N4 q5 L* dCritical View of Economic Calculations 254 . l, C% P' W+ y+ x; O3 l8 D7 Simulations and the CD-ROM of the Book 2577 r: ^ T3 h+ P
Introduction to Computer Simulations 257# c. n! P( d5 x# Q9 K$ o( ?
The CD-ROM of the Book 258 & @1 \: F( }- j8 y! d+ d, Q$ RAppendix 2610 b. |4 ~2 n7 A- u$ d5 A& x, C0 n+ X
References 264 * `0 `% v( ~; R8 x7 F/ ]+ \' OIndex 267. }- k" M" t- C L
6 }' |6 g4 ^5 J1 u
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