The level of prosperity of a community is related to its capability to produce
goods and services. But producing goods and services is strongly related to the
use of energy in an intelligent way.
Motion and temperature (heat) control are paramount in energy usage.
Energy comes into use in a few forms such as thermal, mechanical and
electrical.
The level of prosperity of a community is related to its capability to produce 7 y1 A+ z+ |" E) f) z1 W; hgoods and services. But producing goods and services is strongly related to the E5 D2 d" b# A: O# H/ \use of energy in an intelligent way.( K# B6 o+ H5 Z; M2 e' l2 h3 _
Motion and temperature (heat) control are paramount in energy usage. 6 p6 B! o) w+ z. W* b% ^Energy comes into use in a few forms such as thermal, mechanical and " k0 G/ \2 b( @6 _, R \# selectrical. ( e3 y: O, G P8 T2 Z, hElectrical energy, measured in kWh, represents more than 30% of all used& S% N$ `8 ]' U U S" M. ]6 }8 m+ d
energy and it is on the rise. Part of electrical energy is used directly to produce3 R6 n3 n# a5 |( s+ j# n; A; B
heat or light (in electrolysis, metallurgical arch furnaces, industrial space' N, ]; @ P! ~" A7 b$ d& c
heating, lighting, etc.).6 s) F9 q+ w. G7 }' U
The larger part of electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy in9 d' b! k- S3 M0 f/ }2 B
electric motors. Among electric motors, induction motors are most used both for & ^2 j) N2 ]! T' ]home appliances and in various industries [1-11]. ; v. h9 i5 ?1 O, b% CThis is so because they have been traditionally fed directly from the threephase 4 i! {& P( k. Ua.c. electric power grid through electromagnetic power switches with 1 r [% E: Q/ n- A) e) V6 kadequate protection. It is so convenient.+ v' ?3 j8 K/ h# B" ]; L6 H
Small power induction motors, in most home appliances, are fed from the+ T" A: W& X9 v R- f* w* ~
local single phase a.c. power grids. Induction motors are rugged and have( ]& x+ P, { k% k! M
moderate costs, explaining their popularity. 3 J* `- V h- n8 x" A+ {. XIn developed countries today there are more than 3 kW of electric motors( {) w% n! q, i' `3 m6 Z) B: {+ L0 ?
per person, today and most of it is from induction motors.6 Z! w/ |! ?- @! J( o& ` J
While most induction motors are still fed from three-phase or single-phase5 J' c( O3 C6 ]1 X! {8 {, |
power grids, some are supplied through frequency changers (or power0 ^( E X2 z! \$ C! i( I: T
electronics converters) to provide variable speed.; N, E- D# ^$ x
In developed countries, 10% of all induction motor power is converted in3 C( m" Y- K4 Z( C
variable speed drives applications. The annual growth rate of variable speed 5 A0 q" O1 r! xdrives has been 9% in the last decade while the electric motor markets showed ; y! M1 A' o L4 y2 N6 can average annual growth rate of 4% in the same time.' g1 e. H% J$ r: B/ \' B
Variable speed drives with induction motors are used in transportation, K: ?% I0 b5 S" n: e5 s8 `
pumps, compressors, ventilators, machine tools, robotics, hybrid or electric ) u2 r: i) o% D* |# Zvehicles, washing machines, etc. " y7 ~* w; s8 m, d* X2 T; g) _/ V- n, `8 ^1 ^$ m
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