利用多层逆变器设计与仿真光伏并网系统

OPAL-RT

Abstract
Photovoltaic energy is a wide kind of green energy. A high performance on these systems is needed to make the most of energy produced by solar cells. Also, there must be a constant adaptation due to the continuous variation of power production. Control techniques for Power Converters like the MPPT algorithm (Maximum Power Point Tracking) present very good results on photovoltaic chains. Nevertheless, losses on power elements reduce global performance and the voltage/current adaptation is not always possible. This paper presents a single-phase 11-level (5 H-bridges) cascade multilevel DC-AC grid-tied inverter. Each inverter bridge is connected to a 200 W solar panel. OPAL-RT lab was used as the hardware in the loop (HIL) real-time control system platform where a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm was implemented based on the inverter output power to assure optimal operation of the inverter when connected to the power grid as well as a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) for phase and frequency match. A novel SPWM scheme is proposed in this paper to be used with the solar panels that can account for voltage profile fluctuations among the panels during the day. Simulation and experimental results are shown for voltage and current during synchronization mode and power transferring mode to validate the methodology for grid connection of renewable resources.
" ~- i; p8 S! f# a! B. [: W1 O摘要
太阳能是一种用途广泛的绿色能源。如果想让太阳能电池产生出更多的能源就需要高性能的光伏系统。由于不断变化的能源产量，我们需要不断地转换。像最大功率点跟踪算法（MPPT：Maximum Power Point Tracking）这样的能源转换器控制技术在光伏链中产生了很好的效果。然而，电力元件的损失会降低整体性能，并且电压/电流的转换并不总是可行。这篇论文介绍了一种单项11级（5H桥联）串联多层交直流逆变器。每个逆变器桥联都与一个200瓦的太阳能板相连。OPAL-RT的RT-LAB被用作实时硬件在环测试控制平台，在上面根据逆变器输出功率进行最大功率点跟踪算法以保证当与电网或锁相回路连接时的优化运行。这篇论文还引入了一种全新的SPWM体系，它被用在太阳能板上来解释日间各面板之间电压配置文件的波动。仿真和实验性结果显示电压和电流在同步模式和功率转换模式下验证接入可再生能源电网的方法。
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