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论文文献
标题: |
WIND TURBINE APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL PAPER |
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风电 |
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WIND TURBINE APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL PAPER |
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Wind_turbine_PSCADV42.rar
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2 o0 Y" d8 F( W7 X( h( `9 q; ?7 ?3 f! ePART A: INTRODUCTION 1
p( N. @, u; a8 W# Z1. Introduction..................................................................................................................3 * H# g% ]! i: y9 E$ f
2. pscad components....................................................................................................5
7 e! K: X j* _3. Modelled structure .......................................................................................................7
; d4 o M' o+ h! B. Z4. Simulations performed.................................................................................................9 $ I* O( u2 n: ?
PART B: BUILD THE MODEL 11
; _6 r8 |/ J7 p( {% [' V5. From the wind to the Synchronous Generator ...........................................................13 K! O! I, U- H
5.1 The Wind Source.........................................................................................................14
! v2 C8 T' d$ v$ u% l" r, d1 ?5.2 The wind turbine component .......................................................................................15
0 N4 }7 k2 ]+ L* v; d5 z9 U! X5.2.1 Theoretical study ...................................................................................................15 , G( I/ j% x; C
5.2.2 Cp curve with PSCAD standard model .................................................................16
2 X$ B# @7 T# }5.2.3 Computation of parameters...................................................................................17 / y" p% m0 Y: \! ]; c: [- s& P9 [
5.2.4 Define the Wind turbine parameters .....................................................................18
J8 Y* q0 r% f0 S$ u7 f9 h" M( M0 x" @5.3 Wind turbine governor component ..............................................................................19 # _, Y% L! u& L3 {
5.3.1 Theoretical study ...................................................................................................19
" _1 `- K6 o5 B5.3.2 Define the Wind governor parameters ..................................................................20 + C( w c1 K, @, |) p* e/ [+ d
5.4 The synchronous generator.........................................................................................21 & z9 w) H" N) G+ q$ z9 O+ x1 G
5.5 Turbine generator connection: Simulation at rated load..............................................24
/ s! x# z( X! Z: }8 \ r% XSimulation parameters & analysis : ......................................................................................24 * o1 R/ }4 S/ M
6. AC/DC/AC : Power and Frequency conversion .........................................................27 4 R: G6 h0 e" r% K/ S/ {0 d' z, w
6.1 Diode Rectifier .............................................................................................................28 2 z( X) }& Z' e% Z: e$ R% I/ H
6.2 Overvoltage protection ................................................................................................30
; } G1 }& h6 @* X9 V k9 M6.3 DC bus.........................................................................................................................31
; f% ^0 C. L+ D: I6.3.1 Build the DC bus....................................................................................................31
# e. k8 Q; S9 G: K" o: q. C6.3.2 Model validation.....................................................................................................32 ! Z& H+ o% U, B: P$ M/ {; m+ ^6 H
6.4 6-Pulse Thyristor inverter ............................................................................................34 / W/ g0 o2 A2 ?) J' L! Y, n" L
6.4.1 Presentation.......................................................................................................... 34
$ c/ F9 J s( G+ n# |' j0 t6.4.2 Voltage collapse limitation .................................................................................... 36
. m7 c( P' g n8 H7 E% h6.4.3 Voltage regulation................................................................................................. 37 : L |& @# D4 k& e3 B8 a1 K1 D
6.5 Connection to the network ..........................................................................................40 + D& O5 Z2 n' S# i
7. The distribution grid ...................................................................................................43 ) L5 A. z0 |( l3 T
7.1.1 Definition of the grid.............................................................................................. 43
# ]" W+ K- D+ r2 `9 ?1 J7.1.2 Load Flow Simulation ........................................................................................... 47 % W; o) x/ D6 X$ C d' y
PART C: SIMULATE 49
' G' b; Y& I8 l3 K8. Constant Wind Study .................................................................................................51
0 j$ ~' Y8 q( v; A' M+ r, j( J( c( X8.1 Structure the complete model .....................................................................................51
/ y( n3 ~, {. d0 Z; ~8 e7 n. J* z: `8.2 Constant wind study....................................................................................................53 P5 Z$ [2 W& Y
9. Fault Analysis.............................................................................................................55
2 t. Y r, C. H* G7 c) l9.1 Default at Node 3 ........................................................................................................56
( q; Q: ~/ _$ @: F+ O' V7 j- `9.1.1 Without DG........................................................................................................... 56 d+ I9 ]5 P3 Z; @7 n/ g
9.1.2 With DG connected at node 1 .............................................................................. 57 8 `& E ~6 Q% P* t" X) Y& j: a
9.2 Default at Node 2 ........................................................................................................59 ; N* x, Y t; ]* W
9.2.1 Without DG........................................................................................................... 59 7 N% l. o3 F6 Q; R, x0 A
9.2.2 With DG connected at node 3 .............................................................................. 59 , g4 b* q+ K: u; T: ^
9.3 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................61
# h4 [; ^/ |6 k4 P" h2 G! s10. Variable wind study....................................................................................................63
& \ d1 j7 j+ P* K: i4 i$ s8 s) |8 R& l10.1 Dynamic pitch control ..................................................................................................63
. {4 u5 E C% D10.2 Passive pitch control simulation ..................................................................................67
7 y3 \0 l* a& Z- L* x% e10.3 Comparison of passive and dynamic pitch control ......................................................69 ; ]6 ?3 U' a# q m, r3 }$ F. O: z
11. Wind farm...................................................................................................................71 : P7 u+ e* q9 n, ^5 R* O+ U# L
11.1 From a single wind turbine to a wind farm ..................................................................72 / m& l$ Z4 {8 `) B( L3 ?; Z+ h
11.1.1 Change the structure of the model ....................................................................... 72 $ o$ x1 X _- C) v: z% I+ z: w( s
11.1.2 Modifications in the synchronous generator......................................................... 73
( L6 l" |, M& H# _9 K11.1.3 Modifications in the transformer ........................................................................... 74
* T' V: d# z) L5 k/ p# |11.1.4 Modifications in the grid........................................................................................ 74
* {, O; P4 z2 H11.2 PWM Regulation drives...............................................................................................75 0 s% W4 E5 u# o! }% z
11.2.1 Principles .............................................................................................................. 75
6 d2 S/ b- X/ D8 [2 O11.2.2 Generation of the triangular waveform................................................................. 75 8 Q8 C% G1 E! x" `1 ]7 ]9 r" U. O
11.2.3 Generation of the reference.................................................................................. 79 7 k% k- N/ S& }; f0 Q; M8 o
11.2.4 Generation of the firing pulses for the GTO inverter ............................................ 83
0 H5 w. U& U! N9 C1 M$ P' F11.3 Simulation 850 D- Y1 Y) ]6 E4 I, H3 ^
PART D: APPENDIX 87 i3 {4 ^+ q1 R: N3 a% l
12. References.................................................................................................................89 |
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